REHABILITACIÓN DE ROMPEOLAS CON ESTRUCTURAS TIPO TÁNDEM

Abstract

Breakwaters are structures constructed mostly of rock, large structures are built mostly of rock, are made behind them for generating a quiet zone relative to permit safe operation of ships. The breakwaters have an constant interaction with the effects of wave, one of them is the wave run-up, which, having a maximum run-up can overcome the level crest of the breakwater, and even more so if a breakwater with low crest elevation. In Mexico, various structures have suffered such problems. The objective of this research is to get through a reduced physical model; one could observe, analyze and design the system of breakwaters in tandem with the wave normal incidence to establish the most suitable separation and submergence of the breakwater crest width submerged. We performed a reduced physical model on a fixed background of two sections of rubble mound breakwater; a surface with low crest elevation and other submerged before the surface, both with 2:1 slopes on the sea side and land side, were designed based on the criterion of not exceeding the waves. These sections were constructed within a narrow canal with dimensions of 24.00m of length, 0.66m of wide and 0.90m of deep, equipped with a wave generator, located on the premises of the laboratory of the Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Unidad Zacatenco of Instituto Politécnico Nacional. We used two computer equipment, one for controlling the wave generator and one for the analysis of measurements of waves, also used a camera to capture more accurately the effects of wave action on the system in tandem. Among the research findings is that the decrease of the run-up of the waves on the surface structure depends on the geometry and location of the breakwaters in tandem. Similarly, it was found that the run-up of the waves increases with increasing water depth and wave period, but decreases with an increase in the slenderness of the wave and the separation between the breakwaters. It also validated the results of this research obtained by Shirlal and Rao in 2010.