Evaluación de la eficacia de tres técnicas anestésicas del bloqueo ciático continúo en fosa poplítea en cirugía ortopédica

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The continuous sciatic blockade popliteal fossa is an effective procedure in orthopedic surgery, the advantages is the reduction in block onset time of sensory-motor and complete blocking, better control of postoperative pain, decreased recovery time and adverse effects. OBJECTIVES: was to evaluate the effectiveness of three anesthetic techniques in continuous sciatic blockade popliteal fossa in orthopedic surgery. METHODS: The study was conducted in patients undergoing surgery below the knee, treated at the National Institute of Rehabilitation three groups were formed by simple random probability sampling each group comprising 30 patients. Group 1: non-stimulating catheter placement (CNE). Group 2: stimulating catheter placement (EC). Group 3: non-stimulating catheter guided by ultrasound (CNE + USG). RESULTS: The three groups showed homogeneity in demographics. The onset time of sensory block was first observed in the tibial nerve in group 1 was 13.03 ± 4.29 (mean ± SD), group 2 of 8.60 ± 2.22 and in group 3 of 5.80 ± 0.88, the difference was statistically significant p <0.001. The time of full block, sensory/ motor was observed in group 1 of 20.93 ± 08.06 / 23.50 ± 5.97, group 2 was 15.13 ± 2.06/17.87 ± 2.56 and in group 3, 10.93 ± 0.58/12.95 ± 0.66, p <0001. Discomfort was presented in 16.7% of stimulating catheter group, 16.7% of failed blocks in the non-stimulating catheter group p = 0.010 requiring higher volumes. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that ultrasound-guided catheter of popliteal fossa sciatic blockade is less time to start and complete blockade of both sensory and motor.