FRECUENCIA DE INTOXICACIONES POR ALGUNOS ANIMALES PONZOÑOSOS EN EL HOSPITAL GENERAL GAUDENCIO GONZÁLEZ GARZA. ESTUDIO DE 5 AÑOS

Abstract

Poisoning by venomous animals is of public health interest because of possible and potentially serious consequences that occur in Mexico include spiders, scorpions and snakes. In the emergency department is important to know the information on the number of cases, poisonings and deaths resulting from poisoning by venomous animals in order to assess the magnitude of the problem, issue guidelines for the management, planning of health care resources (in antivenin particular), and training medical staff. A descriptive, retrospective, and transversal study was disigned. We performed a review of medical records of IMSS patients treated at the SUA in the HG GGG with a diagnosis of poisoning by venomous animals in the first period from January 2005 to December 30, 2009. Information was recorded in a database in SPSS 14.0.1 for Windows (SPSS Inc. Chicago, Illinois, USA), where he also performed the statistical analysis is descriptive. The results were as follows: the frequency of cases of poisoning by venomous animals in the adult emergency department, the first of January 2005 to December 31, 2009, was 64 cases. The most frequent were related to poisoning by spiders (35 cases), second that of scorpions (24 cases), and the latter by snakes (5 cases). There are only a slightly higher percentage of cases in women (50.8% with 31 cases, 47.7% with 33 cases, respectively). 25% of the cases were in the age range of 17 to 27 years. As for the severity of the cases, in 90.6% of them were minor. The poison was used only in 34.4% (22 patients) of cases of poisoning. The anatomical region was the most frequently involved in all subgroups of poisoning by venomous animals, were the upper extremities in 62.5% of cases. Most poisonings occurred at home (81.3% of all cases). Complications occurred in 20.3% of all cases, all of them consisted of cellulite. There were no deaths. So we can conclude that the poisoning poisonous animals in the adult emergency department, there is not a common pathology.