RIESGO DE HIPONATREMIA EN PACIENTES CON EDADES ENTRE 40 Y 69 AÑOS QUE RECIBEN SOLUCIONES CUYO CONTENIDO DE SODIO ES MENOR DE 135 mEq/L, HOSPITALIZADOS EN EL HOSPITAL GENERAL REGIONAL No. 1 “VICENTE GUERRERO” DEL IMSS. UN ESTUDIO DE COHORTE

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the incidence of hyponatremia among patients receiving therapy with different water solutions. Materials and methods: We performed a cohort study descriptive, July- September 2010, we studied 113 patients admitted through the emergency department, were measured for serum sodium at admission, 24, 48 and 72 hours of hospitalization, and quantification of intravenous fluids received during their stay, sodium intake, identifying cases with hyponatremia. Results: The distribution of patients by service was as follows: 23 (20%) trauma and orthopedics, 26 (23%) internal medicine and 64 (57%) general surgery. Received different types of intravenous saline solutions 107 patients (94.6%), mixed 33 (29%), Hartman 24 (21%), dextrose 5% 18 (15.9%), glucose 10% 4 (3.5%) and dextrose 50% 3 (2.6%). During the follow-up period of cases was observed hyponatremia in 3 cases (2.65%) (one case at 48 am and 2 cases at 72 hours). Of the patients with hyponatremia 2 received doses of less than 50 mEq sodium/day representing 67%, you get more than 150mEq/día sodium. Further observed that 2 received solutions with a lower concentration of sodium in the solutions <135 mEq/dL and one with a concentration> 145 mEq/dL. Conclusions: The incidence of hyponatremia in this study was low, showing only 3 cases. Noting that the administration of intravenous sodium was higher than physiological requirements. Noting in all patients an average of 209 mEq / day, and the sodium concentration in the solutions of 143.4 mEq/L.