Diagnostico de la cultura de seguridad en hospitales

Abstract

In general, the main goal of any health center is to assist the sick and to save lives overall. However, health care in most countries (if not all) is not as safe as it should be. For example, in the United States, at least 44,000 people, and perhaps as many people as 98,000, die in hospitals each year as a result of medical errors that could have been avoided, according to estimates from two major studies (IOM, 1999 ). Medical errors can be defined as the failure of a planned action to be carried out or the use of a wrong plan to achieve a goal. Among the problems that may occur during the course of care are adverse drug events and improper transfusions, surgical injuries and wrong-site surgery, suicides, restraint-related injuries or death, falls, burns, ulcers pressure, and confused identities of patients. The high error rates with serious consequences are more likely to occur in intensive care units, operating rooms and emergency rooms (IOM, 1999). This has demonstrated the need for diagnostic studies of the prevalence of safety culture in Mexican hospitals because there is a high rate of adverse events reported in the literature of other countries (Griffin, 2000; Clarke, 2005, Donald, et al, 1994;. Lee, 1998;. Mearns, et al, 1998). countries that are constantly striving to learn from his mistakes and continually improve its system. The present research project is justified by its importance as it is necessary to lay the foundations that allow us to know the culture of safety within the hospital system in the Mexican context, so we can better understand the problems associated with unsafe attitudes in this sector, thus contributing to reduce and prevent medical malpractice and iatrogenic and thereby to avoid the consequences that range from some type of damage to death, taking into account the high costs associated with a longer hospitalization and medication, as long as disability, suffering by the patient and family, this combined with the disrepute of professional health care, demands, and so on. The thesis presents the most relevant results concerning the safe attitudes of four secondary level hospitals.