DISEÑO DE LA CARCASA DE UN AEROGENERADOR DE BAJA POTENCIA USANDO EL METODO DEL ELEMENTO FINITO

Abstract

In the present paper shows the procedure to get a conceptual design for a Nacelle of low-power wind turbines horizontal axis with a diameter of blades estimated between 4.5 to 5 meters and an electrical power output of 5 kW. This project is located in the section on post Graduate Education and Research in Zacatenco Professional Unit, This project is named "Ehecamani." In the first chapter, an analysis at this moment of the energy situation in developed countries as well as in countries which are developing. They have begun to use of renewable energy as one of the best options for additional supply in the electrical network, according to the country's resources. In this topic, the use of wind power generation has proofed to be highly profitable. When is analyzing the current situation in Mexico, the use of this kind of energy has been limited, which have been done developing research projects for the implementation of wind turbines more efficient and economical, designed specifically for use and installation on Mexican soil. In chapter two, it shows the analysis of loads to which structures are exposed to the wind turbines in operation. Such structures are known for their high stiffness, in the case of the housing, the goal is to support and mitigation of external vibratory loads. In the same chapter defines the design loads, taking as reference the DS 472 and Lloyd standards applicable to lowpower wind turbines. In chapter three, an analysis of the formulation of the numerical method called finite element (FEM by its Spanish acronym), which consists in the discretization of a continuum in several elements. The elements used are three-dimensional tetrahedral higher order type, this means intermediate nodes. In the same chapter discusses the selection of a commercial computer program to aid in the design of the housing. In chapter four, is the procedure for the conceptual design of the housing of low-power turbine, for which, the main design is made with high rigidity of the bedplate, this is because in low-wind turbines the bedplate is approximately 80% of full nacelle. We performed a basic design, which was tuned using the concurrent design method assisted with the MEF. We identified critical stress states which are the result of simulations in static operating conditions, in addition to obtaining proportionality factors for the future design changes because current information is limited and these factors will facilitate rapid modification to the final design. Finally, the conclusions reached are shown at the end of this work, followed by the recommendations and future works.