Análisis de Peligros por Procesos de Remoción en Masa en estructuras Volcánicas. Peñón de los baños y peñón del marques, Distrito federal

Abstract

Located east of Federal District, volcanoes Peñon of the Baños and Peñon of Marques, are defined as two volcanic structures with a Strombolian-type eruptive activity, which generated lava flow deposits, slag and deposits fall. The occurrence of a mass removal process has a direct relationship with the lithology in these types of deposits. The prevention of geological phenomena is very important and give the perception of the dangers that there might arise, which, you can find the necessary measures to mitigate and reduce but not eliminate; the effects could cause the population. The generation of the Hazard Zoning Map for Mass Removal Processes, we defines five areas with potential to have some mechanism of movement, these zones are measured from the 1% is the lowest in occurrence and to 100% is the highest in occurrence. The identification of the processes observed in each of the volcanic structures is: deformed prior to rupture, landslides, rockslides and falls, flows, complex movements and rollovers or crashes. The predominant mechanism is the rockslides and falls, mainly related to basaltic and andesitic rocks highly fractured and weathered that are located on slopes greater than 60 º. With structural data and identification of cracking around the Peñon de los Baños Volcano undergoes a removal mechanism called lateral extension, being controlled by a system of active faults, which are involved in a slow moving process. By geomorphological analysis Volcano Peñon of Marques, was identified that the volcanic structure is composed of a main cone located to the north of it, in the southern volcanic structures are located two secondary (or parasites), identifying several eruptive events, with volcanic activity and rock composition very similar in each volcanic structure