CARACTERIZACIÓN GEOLÓGICO-ESTRUCTURAL DE LA REGIÓN DE SANTA MARÍA AMAJAC, ESTADO DE HIDALGO

Abstract

Abstract The calderas have been recognized throughout the geologic record from the Archean to the present and probably part of the above processes lightly preserved the formation of the crust, as suggested by the evidence of other planetary bodies. In addressing the issue of volcanic caldera, you have to define its characteristics, which is limited as a depression more or less circular, with dimensions of over 1 km over 4 km in radius, which are the result of collapse of reservoir magma. This work is devoted to the calderas, as it detected a circular structure of a caldera likely in the region of St. Ma Amajac, State of Hidalgo, with geographic coordinates: 20 ° 20 '20 ° 12 "north latitude and 98 ° 57 'and 98 ° 42' west longitude, within the geological province of the Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB) and Sierra Madre Oriental. The geological-structural study will allow different interpretations of its origin and geological development, all through the fieldwork in the study area, analysis of topography, geological maps, aerial photographs, digital elevation models, profile analysis topography, among others. The stratigraphic column of the study area has a range of ages ranging from Cretaceous to Tertiary and Quaternary. In the Lower Cretaceous stratigraphic sequence is understood by training El Doctor formation, which is covered unconformably by Mendez formation, Upper Cretaceous and Amajac conglomerate (Eocene-Oligocene), volcanic rocks of Pachuca Group (Oligocene-Pliocene), clastic rocks of Atotonilco El Grande formation (Pleistocene) and recent deposits. On the other hand has made use of geographic information systems (GIS), which helped define morpho-structural features, which served as inputs to support the hypothesis of this research, in which it was determined that the study area was subject several deformation events, the first compression was Cretaceous-Oligocene age in the Laramide Orogeny and a relaxation in the Miocene-Pliocene, during formation of the Mexican Volcanic Belt.