Análisis de marcha en pacientes con hemiplejia desde un punto de vista Bio-robótico

Abstract

The gait is one of the conditions that denote functionality of the human body, which can be affected by many factors, such as diseases, and particularly, by hemiplegy, whose level of repercussion depends upon the neurological damage suffered. In order to provide treatment and gait rehabilitation for people with this disease, it is necessary to identify and characterize the pathological walk cycle, and there exist many obstacles to the diagnostic and rehabilitation process. A biomechanical analysis of articular and Cartesian performance of at least the four bone structures (pelvis, hip, knee and ankle) of both legs in the three anatomical planes is needed. This work presents a methodology for gait analysis from a biomechanical standpoint using a professional platform for characterization of the a three-dimensional video system from the Teleton Infantile Rehabilitation Center in Estado de Mexico, with which subjects were studied, 3 of them healthy, and 5 with a hemiplegy diagnosis, for whom the kinematic spatial and temporal parameters were obtained. A strategy for the generation of graphics and an analysis procedure that describes the patient’s clinical condition is proposed and verified upon the study subjects. It is worth mentioning that this type of analysis is employed for the design of a kinematic chain in which is useful for 3D visualization and design of robotic assistant systems. Finally some recommendations and perspectives from the research work are described.