INVERSIÓN EXTRANJERA DIRECTA Y COMERCIO EXTERIOR EN EL CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO: UN ANÁLISIS COMPARATIVO ENTRE MÉXICO Y CHINA (1980- 2005)

Abstract

Market economies depend on a wide range of institutions not related to the market, that they comply with regulatory functions, stabilizing and legitimizing. Consequently, the recent emphasis on institutions should be welcomed. However, it must be borne in mind that the institutional basis of a market economy is not unique. After an analysis of the factors of governance of Kaufmann, Mexico shows an advantage relative to China. This result translates the thought that, there is no overall benefit for a country already that, in accordance with Porter (1990), "no country can be competitive in all industries, the countries succeed in a specific sector due to the dynamism and competition". The chinese economic reforms and its net advantages allow you to be one of the countries with better image abroad in recent years, reflected in the wide attraction of global firms toward its territory. In fact, EN.Kearney análisis (2010) claimed that China since 2002 is the country that more confidence gives foreign investors. This is what i convert in the country that more FDI receives with a figure of 98,020 million dollars in 2010 against 18,680 for Mexico according to World Bank figures. Trade in Mexico and China with the United States (UE), both in volume and as in its structure, is worrying factor for Mexico. In the past 20 years, the two countries have increased very significantly its trade with the US and have achieved a terms of trade surplus. With countries depends on the USA (80.5 per cent of exports and 48.5 % of imports in 2009 according to data from INEGI). This unit affects the growth of the country we saw with the recent crisis in the united states that collapsed to the local economy. This situation did not affect both to China because the country has successfully diversified its portfolio of products and countries.