Instrumentación de banco experimental para la medición de deformaciones mediante técnicas ópticas y eléctricas

Abstract

In this work, the design of an optical and electrical system to analyze experimentally, with a multifunctional approach, material deformation characterization, is presented. This system can be used to characterize material deformation in the elastic-plastic range by measuring reflectance difference spectroscopy, laser light scattering and strain gauges. We sought to automate this system to avoid human errors in the measurements and to reduce the time in which tests are carried out. This will allow to ensure that measurements obtained are precise, in a metrological sense and therefore facilitate material deformation characterization. Experimental setup includes an optical instrumentation which utilizes as a light source, a semiconductor laser or a cuasimonochromatic beam using a monochromator device, and a flexor which apply deformation in the specimen using an automated micrometer. A mechanism was designed and builtf, which allows positioning the micrometer with a step motor and an encoder, for assessing material deformation. In the case of a monochromator, instrumentation was developed to allow input-output slits and to move diffraction gratings. Also, a virtual instrument using LabVIEW software was developed to carry out micrometer position control, scanning and data acquisition of both, optical and electrical signals